Ganglion Cysts — What That Lump on Your Wrist Means
A ganglion cyst is the most common lump that appears on the hand or wrist. These cysts are noncancerous, fluid-filled sacs that can develop near joints or tendons. They often appear on the back of the wrist but can form on the palm side or near the fingers as well.
What You May Notice
A smooth, round lump that may grow or shrink in size
The lump may feel firm or spongy
Some cysts cause no pain, while others ache or limit motion
Symptoms may worsen with activity and improve with rest
What Causes Them?
The exact cause isn't fully known. They seem to form when joint fluid leaks out and collects in a small sac. Repetitive wrist use and prior injuries may play a role, but many occur without an obvious cause.
Do They Go Away on Their Own?
Sometimes, yes. Ganglion cysts can shrink or disappear over time, especially smaller ones. But many persist or return after temporary improvement.
Treatment Options
Observation: If painless, cysts can simply be watched.
Splinting: Limiting wrist motion may help shrink the cyst temporarily.
Aspiration: A needle removes fluid, but recurrence is common.
Surgery: Removing the cyst and its stalk reduces the chance of recurrence, though no treatment guarantees it won't return.
Bottom Line
Most ganglion cysts are harmless. But if the lump is painful, limits use, or causes concern, a hand surgeon can confirm the diagnosis and review options.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a ganglion cyst dangerous or cancerous?
Ganglion cysts are noncancerous fluid-filled sacs. They are usually harmless but can ache, limit motion, or be bothersome due to size or location.
Will a ganglion cyst go away on its own?
Some cysts shrink or disappear on their own, especially smaller ones. Others persist or come and go over time.
What are my treatment options?
Observation is reasonable if painless. Options include splinting, aspiration (fluid removal), or surgical excision. Surgery reduces recurrence risk but no option guarantees it won't return.
Does aspiration cure a ganglion cyst?
Aspiration can relieve symptoms but recurrence is common because the cyst lining and stalk remain. Surgery removes the cyst and stalk to lower recurrence risk.
How long is recovery after surgery?
Recovery typically takes 2–4 weeks for light activities, with full strength returning over 6–8 weeks. Hand therapy may help optimize recovery.
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